Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavus
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Abstract
Aspergillosis is an infectious disease due to inhalation of Aspergillus spores.
Drug resistance to aspergillosis has been reported since 14 years ago. Therefore,
alternative treatment using herbals began to attract the attention of the medical
profession and the community, because herbals are relatively safe and have
minimal side effects. Neem (Azadirachta indica) is an herb with broad spectrum
biological activity, but studies on the antifungal activity of neem leaves are
lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of neem leaves
on Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus).
METHODS
This was a laboratory experimental study using A. flavus samples obtained from
bronchial washing specimens of inpatients. Neem leaf extract in ethanol (NLE)
was prepared in various concentrations. Aspergillus. flavus antifungal activity
of NLE were assessed by disc diffusion (using NLE at 1.0; 0.75; 0.50; 0.25 g/dL)
and macrodilution (using NLE at 1.0; 0.75; 0.5; 0.25; 0.125 g/dL). Ketoconazole
0.1 g/dL was used as antifungal positive control. Disc diffusion and macrodilution
were conducted using Sabouraud dextrose agar and broth, to measure inhibition
zone diameter and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), respectively. Statistical
analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test from SPSS 15.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in inhibition zone diameter (p = 0.034) between
A. flavus samples exposed to NLE (1 g/dL) and the control group exposed to
ketoconazole (0.1 g/dL). The MIC of NLE against A. flavus was 0.5 g/dL.
CONCLUSIONS
Neem leaf ethanol extract has antifungal activity against A.flavus in vitro.
Article Details
The journal allows the authors to hold the copyright without restrictions and allow the authors to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
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