Serum apolipoprotein B increased among tuberculosis patients compared to healthy subjects

Main Article Content

Augustine Chinedu Ihim
Samuel Chukwuemeka Meludu
Charles Chinedum Onyenekwe
Arthur Ebelenna Anyabolu
Comfort N Akujiobi

Abstract

Background
The burden of tuberculosis (TB) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is enormous worldwide. Public health programs have been challenged with the overlapping of TB and CVD epidemics.Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is also a main driver of atherogenesis, suggesting a potential pathogenic role of tuberculosis in cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to compare the serum levels of apolipoprotein B (apo B), apolipoprotein B48 (apo B48) and apolipoprotein B100 (apo B100) between patients with tuberculosis and healthy subjects.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 251 subjects consisting of 120 treatment naïve active TB patients [26 HIV co infected (TB+HIV+) and 82 TB+), 12 malaria parasite co-infected (TB+MP+)], 26 latent TB infected (LTB) and 105 healthy controls. Their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was determined by Ziehl-Nelseen (ZN) sputum smear microscopy and confirmed positive using GeneXpert. Latent TB was determined by Mantoux test, MP was evaluated by microscopy while HIV by immunochromatographic techniques using serial algorithm. Apolipoproteins were determined using spectrophotometry. A one-way ANOVA test and LSD’s post hoc multiple comparisons were used for statistical analyses.

Results
Significantly lower mean levels of BMI were observed in LTB, TB+, TB+HIV+ and TB+MP+ compared with the controls (p<0.005). The mean serum levels of apo B, apo B48 and B100 were significantly higher in LTB, TB+, HIV+TB+ and TB+MP+ compared with apparently healthy controls (p<0.05).

Conclusion
Elevated levels of apolipoproteins among infected TB individuals might predispose them to cardiovascular disease.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ihim, A. C., Meludu, S. C., Onyenekwe, C. C., Anyabolu, A. E., & Akujiobi, C. N. (2021). Serum apolipoprotein B increased among tuberculosis patients compared to healthy subjects. Universa Medicina, 40(1), 45–51. https://doi.org/10.18051/UnivMed.2021.v40.45-51
Section
Original Articles
Author Biography

Charles Chinedum Onyenekwe, Chemical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria



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