Ethanolic periwinkle leaf extract reduces telomerase expression in T47D cancer cells

Main Article Content

Endang Purwaningsih
Etty Widayanti
Yulia Suciati

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cancer cells have a relatively high telomerase activity and a lower p53 protein expression than normal cells, so that cancer cells have the ability to continue to proliferate and do not undergo apoptosis. One of the cancer treatments is chemotherapy using bioactive ingredients from synthesis or isolation of natural materials. One of the plants that have potential as anticancer agent is periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L). The research objective was to evaluate the effect of ethanolic periwinkle leaf extract against p53 protein and telomerase expression in T47D cancer cells.
 
METHODS
An experimental study with controls was conducted involving T47D breast cancer cells. They were divided into 3 groups (control, ½ dose of IC50/26.849 µg/mL, and one dose of IC50/53.699 µg/mL) at a cell density of 1 x 104 cells/well. Expression of p53 and telomerase was measured by the immunohistochemistry method. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by a multiple comparison test.

RESULTS
Periwinkle leaf extract significantly increased p53 protein expression (p<0.05) at both treatment doses, ½ IC50 and IC50, compared to the control group and it highly significantly reduced telomerase expression (p<0.01), in comparison with the control group at both treatment doses.

CONCLUSION
Periwinkle leaf extract has potential as an anti-breast cancer agent by increasing p53 protein expression and inhibiting telomerase expression.

Article Details

How to Cite
Purwaningsih, E., Widayanti, E., & Suciati, Y. (2015). Ethanolic periwinkle leaf extract reduces telomerase expression in T47D cancer cells. Universa Medicina, 34(2), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.18051/UnivMed.2015.v34.79-86
Section
Review Article
Author Biographies

Endang Purwaningsih, University Yarsi

Department of anatomy

Etty Widayanti, Yarsi University

Department of anatomy

Yulia Suciati, University Yarsi

Department of Anatomy

References

Hamid IS, Nazar DS, Ratnani. Hambatan ekspresi vascular endothelial growth factor oleh ekstrak daun sambung nyawa pada endotel membran korioalantois. J Veteriner 2013;14:85-90.

Chadidjah, Nasihun T, Widayati E, et al. Typhonium flagelliforme decreases protein expression in murine breast cancer. Univ Med 2014;33:161-70.

Purwaningsih E, Widayanti E, Suciati Y. Cytotoxicity assay of Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd against breast and cervical cancer cells. Univ Med 2014;33:75-82.

Sain M, Sharma V. Catharanthus roseus (an anti-cancerous drug yielding plant): a review of potential theurapeutic properties. Int J Pure App Biosci 2013;1:139-42.

Farida Y, Rahayu L, Faizatun. Aktivitas antioksidan serbuk n-heksana dan metanol hasil pengeringan semprot ekstrak keladi tikus (Typhonium flagelliforme L) Decue. Kongres Ilmiah XVIII Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia 2010. Makasar, 10–12 Desember 2010.

Man S, Gao W, Wei C, et al. Anticancer drugs from traditional toxic Chinese medicines: review. Phytother Res 2012;26:1449-65.

Antia BS, Otokan JE. Effect of leaf juice of Catharanthus roseus Linn on cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein levels in normal rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2005;37:401-2.

Ruskin S, Aruna SR. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of Catharanthus roseus. IRJPAS 2014;4:1-4.

Tiong SH, Yeng Looi C, Hazni H, et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don. Molecules 2013;18:9770-84.

Natarajan A, Syed Ahmed KSZ, Sundaram S, et al. Effect of aqueous flower extract of Catharanthus roseus on alloxan induced diabetes in male Albino rats. IJPSDR 2012;4:150-3.

Widowati W, Mozef TJ, Risdian C, et al. Apoptosis and antioxidant activities of Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don extract on breast cancer cell line. Ind J Cancr Chem 2010;1:99-107.

Bai L, Zhu WG. P53: structure, function and therapeutic applications. J Cancer Mol 2006;2: 141-53.

Amaral JD, Xavier JM, Steer CJ, et al. The role of p53 in apoptosis. Discovery Med 2010;9:145-52.

Widowati W, Mozef T, Risdian C, et al. Anticancer and free radical scavenging potency of Catharanthus roseus, Dendropthoe petandra, Piper betle and Curcuma mangga extracts in breast cancer cell lines. Oxid Antioxid Med Sci 2013;2:137-42.

Looi CY, Arya A, Cheah FK, et al. Induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells via caspase pathway by vernodalin isolated from Centratherum anthelminticum (L.) seeds. PLoS ONE 2013;8:e56643. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 005664.

Siddiqui MJ, Ismail Z, Aisha AFA, et al. Cytotoxic activity of Catharanthus roseus (Apocynaceae) crude extracts and pure compounds against human colorectal carcinoma cell line. Int J Pharmacol 2010;6:43-7.

Ahmad NH, Rahim RA, Mat I. Chatarhanthus roseus aqueous extract is cytotoxic to Jurkat leukaemic T cells but induce the proliferation of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Trop Life Sci 2010;21:105-15.

Chui SX, Qu KJ, Xie YY, et al. Curcumin inhibits telomerase activity in human cancer cell lines. Int J Mol Med 2006;18:227-31.

Chen CH, Cheng RJ. Prevalence of telomerase activity in human cancer. J Formos Med Assoc 2011;110:275-89.

Rivlin N, Brosh R, Oren M, et al. Mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene: important milestones at the various steps of tumorogenesis. Genes Cancer 2011;2:466-74.

Quellette MW, Wright WE, Shay JW. Targeting telomerase-expressing cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2011;15:1433-42.

Shay JW, Wright WE. Senescence and immortalization: role of telomere and telomerase. Carcinogenesis 2005;26:867-74.

Artandi SE, DePinho RA. Telomeres and telomerase in cancer. Carcinogenesis 2010;3:9-18.

Blackburn E. Telomerase and cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2005;3:9. DOI: 110.1158/1541-7786 -MCR-05-0147.

Gajalaksmi S, Vijayalaksmi S, Rajeswari D. Pharmacological activities of Catharanthus roseus: a perspective. Int J Pharm Bio Sci 2013;4: 431-9.

Aqubi AE, Al-Naimi RS, Al Taee EH. Comparative pathological and cytogenetical study of ethanolic extract Vinca rosea L and vinblastine in treating mammary gland adenocarcinoma implanted mice. Kufa J Vet Med Sci 2011;2:146-63.