Novel swine origin influenza a (H1N1) virus in humans

Main Article Content

Lie T. Merijanti

Abstract

In March and early April 2009, while much of the world was focusing on the threat of avian influenza originating in Asia, intelligence gathering systems were also extracting evidence of an epidemic of acute respiratory infections in Mexico and southern California. Although the exact sequence of events is uncertain, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had confirmed the presence of a novel reassortment of Influenza A strain H1N1 from avian, swine, and human strains. On 25 April 2009, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the swine flu outbreak in North America a public health emergency of international concern. On 29 April 2009, the International Health Regulations emergency committee recommended a change from WHO pandemic influenza phase 4 to phase 5. This means that WHO views a pandemic as imminent. WHO and the CDC have confirmed that the new swine flu virus is transmitted between humans.

Article Details

How to Cite
Merijanti, L. T. (2016). Novel swine origin influenza a (H1N1) virus in humans. Universa Medicina, 28(1), i-ii. https://doi.org/10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.i-ii
Section
Review Article

References

Brownstein JS, Freifeld CC, Madoff LC. Influenza A (H1N1) virus, 2009 – Online monitoring. N Engl J Med 2009;360:2155-6.

Baden LR, Drazen JM, Kritek PA, Curfman GD, Morrisey S, Campion EW. H1N1 influenza a disease information for health professionals (editorial). N Engl J Med 2009;360:2666-7.

Coker R. Swine flu. BMJ 2009;338:b1791.

Komaroff AL. The sudden birth of H1N1 “swine” flu: what does the future hold? J Watch 2009.

Novel swine origin influenza A (H1N1) virus investigation team. Emergence of a novel swine origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in humans. N Engl J Med 2009;361:1-10.

Blachere FM, Lindsley WG, Pearce TA, Anderson SE, Fisher M, Khakoo R, et al. Measurement of airborne influenza virus in a hospital emergency department. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:438–40.

Boone SA, Gerba CP. The occurrence of influenza A virus on household and day care center fomites. J Infect 2005;51:103-9.

Carrat F, Vergu E, Ferguson NM, Lemaitre M, Cauchemez S, Leach S, et al. Time lines of infection and disease in human influenza: a review of volunteer challenge studies. Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:775-85.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: drug, susceptibility of swine origin influenza A (H1N1) viruses, April 2009. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009;58:433-5.