Comparative analysis of transport media for isolating Shigella

Main Article Content

Murad Lesmana
Oktavianus Ch. Salim
Elly Herwana
Paul Bukitwetan
Julius E Surjawidjaja

Abstract

Transport media for Shigella include buffered glycerol saline (BGS), and Cary-Blair (CB). However being a liquid medium BGS may leak or spill during transport and thus may cause contamination. The other concern is the 30% concentration of glycerol in the BGS which may be inhibitory to some susceptible Shigella species. This study was conducted to determine the best and safe transport media for Shigella. Rectal swab samples were obtained from 289 dysenteric patients and transported to the laboratory in Cary-Blair (CB) transport medium, standard buffered glycerol saline (BGS), BGS with the addition of 0.5% agar (BGS-A), and BGS with the addition of 0.5% agar and reduced glycerol to 15% (BGS-M). Recovery rates between CB, BGS, BGS-A and BGS-M and their combinations were compared. The overall prevalence of Shigella recovered from any of the four tubes was 24.9% (72/289). CB and BGS-M recovered Shigella in 54 out of 289 patients (18.7%), CB and BGS-A in 50 (17.3%), and CB and BGS in 49 (17.0%), while CB, BGS, BGS-A, and BGS-M alone gave positive Shigella in 30 (10,4%), 29 (10.0%), 34 (11.8%) and 46 (15.9%), respectively. This study suggests that a minor modification to the BGS raised the recovery rate of Shigella.

Article Details

How to Cite
Lesmana, M., Salim, O. C., Herwana, E., Bukitwetan, P., & Surjawidjaja, J. E. (2008). Comparative analysis of transport media for isolating Shigella. Universa Medicina, 27(2), 51–56. https://doi.org/10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.51-56
Section
Review Article

References

Lee H, Kotloff K, Chukaserm P, Samosornsuk S, Chompook P, Dee JL, et al. Shigellosis remains an important problem in children less than 5 years of age in Thailand. Epidemiol Infect 2005; 133: 469-74.

Ashkenazi S. Shigella infections in children: new insights. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis 2004; 15: 246-52.

Niyogi SK. Shigellosis. J Microbiol 2005; 43: 133-43.

Surjawidjaja JE, Salim OC, Bukitwetan P, Lesmana M. Perbandingan agar MacConkey, Salmonella-Shigella dan xylose lysine deoxycholate untuk isolasi Shigella dari usap dubur penderita diare. Univ Med 2007; 26: 57-63.

Lesmana M, Surjawidjaja JE, Herwana E, Salim OC, Bukitwetan P. Distribusi serotipe dan pola resistensi antibiotika dari isolat Salmonella nontifoid di Jakarta. Univ Med 2006; 25: 7-14.

Clemens J, Kotloff K, Kay B. Generic protocol to estimate the burden of Shigella diarrhoea and dysenteric mortality. Geneva. Department of Vaccine and Biologicals, World Health Organization. 1999.

Oyofo BA, Lesmana M, Subekti D, Tjaniadi P, Larasati W, Putri M, et al. Surveillance of bacterial pathogens of diarrhea disease in Indonesia. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 44: 227-34.

Agtini MD, Soeharno R, Lesmana M, Punjabi NH, Simanjuntak C, Wangsasaputra F, et al. The burden of diarrhea, shigellosis, and cholera in North Jakarta, Indonesia: findings from 24 months surveillance. BMC Infect Dis 2005; 17: 341-50.

Fulla N, Prado V, Duran C, Lagos R, Levine MM. Surveillance for antimicrobial resistance profiles among Shigella species isolated from a semirural community in the northern administrative area of Santiago, Chile. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2005; 72: 851-4.

Sachs A. Difficulties associated with the bacteriological diagnosis of bacillary dysentery. J Roy Army Med Corps 1939; 73: 235-9.

Bonten MJM, Nathan C, Weinstein RA. Recovery of nosocomial fecal flora from frozen stool specimens and rectal swabs, comparison of preservatives for epidemiological studies. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1997; 27: 103-6.

Wells JG, GK Morris. Evaluation of transport methods for isolating Shigella spp. J Clin Microbiol 1981; 13: 789-90.

Difco laboratories. The Difco Mannual, 11th ed. Detroit, Mich. Difco Laboratories; 1998.

Chapin KC, Lauderdale TL. Reagents, stain, and media: bacteriology. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen PH, Pfaller MA, Yolken RH, editors. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 8th ed. Washington, DC.: American Society for Microbiology; 2003. p. 354-83.

Bopp CA, Brenner FW, Fields PI, Wells JG, Strockbine NA. Escherichia, Shigella, and Salmonella. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen PH, Pfaller MA, Yolken RH, editors. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 8th ed. Washington, DC.: American Society for Microbiology; 2003. p. 654-71.

Chun D, Seol SY, Tak R, Park CK. Inhibitory effect of glycerin on Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella. App Microbiol 1972; 24: 675-8.

Reimer LG, Carroll KC. Procedures for the storage of microorganisms. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen PH, Pfaller MA, Yolken RH, editors. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 8th ed. Washington, DC.: American Society for Microbiology; 2003. p. 67-73

Knapp JS, Koumans EH. Neisseria and Branhamella. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC, Yolken RH, editors. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 7th ed. Washington, DC.: American Society for Microbiology; 1999. p. 586-603.